Robert M. Key

23.8k citations

109 papers · 12.7k · 5 hit papers · h-index 48

Impact in

Oceanography top 0.02%
- Marine and coastal ecosystems
- Ocean Acidification Effects and Responses
- Oceanographic and Atmospheric Processes
- Marine Biology and Ecology Research
Global and Planetary Change top 0.2%
- Atmospheric and Environmental Gas Dynamics

Papers in

Oceanography 82
- Marine and coastal ecosystems 69
- Ocean Acidification Effects and Responses 37
- Oceanographic and Atmospheric Processes 36
- Marine Biology and Ecology Research 21
Atmospheric Science 37
- Geology and Paleoclimatology Research 26

Co-authors: Christopher L. Sabine (15 shared papers)Rik Wanninkhof (14 shared papers)Richard A. Feely (14 shared papers)Jorge L. Sarmiento (20 shared papers)Frank J. Millero (14 shared papers)Kitack Lee (9 shared papers)John L. Bullister (10 shared papers)Nicolas Gruber (9 shared papers)
Journals: Global Biogeochemical Cycles (16 papers)Earth system science data (15 papers)Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres (9 papers)Radiocarbon (8 papers)Marine Chemistry (7 papers)
Partner nations: United States Germany Spain

In The Last Decade

Robert M. Key

107 papers receiving 12.2k citations

Robert M. Key's Hit Papers

5 papers align trajectories log scale

The oceanic sink for anthropogenic CO ₂ from 1994 to 2007 2019 · 584 citations

What are hit papers?

Hit papers significantly outperform the citation benchmark for their cohort. A paper qualifies if any of the following hold:

it has ≥500 total citations;
it reaches ≥1.5× the top-1% citation threshold for papers in the same subfield and year (the threshold is the minimum needed to enter the top 1%, not the average within it);
it reaches the top citation threshold in at least one of its specific research topics.

2019 Science
2016 Earth system science data
2016 Earth system science data
2004 Global Biogeochemical Cycles
2004 Science

Peers

Countries citing papers authored by Robert M. Key

Since Specialization

Citations

This map shows the geographic impact of Robert M. Key's research. It shows the number of citations coming from papers published by authors working in each country. You can also color the map by specialization and compare the number of citations received by Robert M. Key with the expected number of citations based on a country's size and research output (numbers larger than one mean the country cites Robert M. Key more than expected).

Fields of papers citing papers by Robert M. Key

Since Specialization

Physical SciencesHealth SciencesLife SciencesSocial Sciences

This network shows the impact of papers produced by Robert M. Key. Nodes represent research fields, and links connect fields that are likely to share authors. Colored nodes show fields that tend to cite the papers produced by Robert M. Key. The network helps show where Robert M. Key may publish in the future.

Co-authors

The 25 scholars most cited alongside Robert M. Key, linked wherever they have co-authored with each other. Click a name or a connecting line to browse the papers they share.

Border = papers with Robert M. Key Line = papers co-authored together Robert M. Key links everyone, so they are left out of the graph.

All Works

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20 of 20 papers shown

Showing the 20 most-cited of 109 papers — load more, or switch the sort, to bring in the rest.

#	Work
1	The Oceanic Sink for Anthropogenic CO ₂ Science ·Christopher L. Sabine, Richard A. Feely, Nicolas Gruber, Robert M. Key, Kitack Lee, John L. Bullister, Rik Wanninkhof, C. S. Wong, Douglas W.R. Wallace, Bronte Tilbrook, Frank J. Millero, Tsung-Hung Peng, A. Kozyr, Tsueno Ono, Aida F. Rı́os Hit paper breakdown →	2004	3153
2	A global ocean carbon climatology: Results from Global Data Analysis Project (GLODAP) Global Biogeochemical Cycles ·Robert M. Key, Alex Kozyr, Christopher L. Sabine, Kitack Lee, Rik Wanninkhof, John L. Bullister, Richard A. Feely, Frank J. Millero, Calvin W. Mordy, Tianji Peng Hit paper breakdown →	2004	1393
3	The oceanic sink for anthropogenic CO ₂ from 1994 to 2007 Science ·Nicolas Gruber, Dominic Clement, Brendan R. Carter, Richard A. Feely, Steven van Heuven, Mario Hoppema, Masao Ishii, Robert M. Key, Alex Kozyr, Siv K. Lauvset, Claire Lo Monaco, Jeremy T. Mathis, Akihiko Murata, Are Olsen, Fı́z F. Pérez, Christopher L. Sabine, Toste Tanhua, Rik Wanninkhof Hit paper breakdown →	2019	584
4	The Global Ocean Data Analysis Project version 2 (GLODAPv2) – an internallyconsistent data product for the world ocean Earth system science data ·Are Olsen, Robert M. Key, Steven van Heuven, Siv K. Lauvset, A. Velo, X. Lin, Carsten Schirnick, Alex Kozyr, Toste Tanhua, Mario Hoppema, Sara Jütterström, Reiner Steinfeldt, Emil Jeansson, Masao Ishii, Fı́z F. Pérez, T. Suzuki Hit paper breakdown →	2016	464
5	Global relationships of total alkalinity with salinity and temperature in surface waters of the world's oceans Geophysical Research Letters ·Kitack Lee, Lan T. Tong, Frank J. Millero, Christopher L. Sabine, Andrew G. Dickson, Catherine Goyet, Geun‐Ha Park, Rik Wanninkhof, Richard A. Feely, Robert M. Key	2006	444
6	Constraining global air‐sea gas exchange for CO₂ with recent bomb ¹⁴C measurements Global Biogeochemical Cycles ·Colm Sweeney, Emanuel Gloor, A. R. Jacobson, Robert M. Key, Galen A. McKinley, Jorge L. Sarmiento, Rik Wanninkhof	2007	433
7	A new global interior ocean mapped climatology: the 1° ×  1° GLODAP version 2 Earth system science data ·Siv K. Lauvset, Robert M. Key, Are Olsen, Steven van Heuven, A. Velo, X. Lin, Carsten Schirnick, Alex Kozyr, Toste Tanhua, Mario Hoppema, Sara Jütterström, Reiner Steinfeldt, Emil Jeansson, Masao Ishii, Fı́z F. Pérez, (unknown), Sylvain Watelet Hit paper breakdown →	2016	331
8	Denitrification and N₂ fixation in the Pacific Ocean Global Biogeochemical Cycles ·Curtis Deutsch, Nicolas Gruber, Robert M. Key, Jorge L. Sarmiento, Alexandre Ganachaud	2001	318
9	Estimates of anthropogenic carbon uptake from four three‐dimensional global ocean models Global Biogeochemical Cycles ·James C. Orr, E. Maier‐Reimer, Uwe Mikolajewicz, P. Monfray, Jorge L. Sarmiento, J. R. Toggweiler, Nicholas K. Taylor, Jonathan Palmer, Nicolas Gruber, Christopher L. Sabine, Corinne Le Quéré, Robert M. Key, Jacqueline Boutin	2001	278
10	Submarine groundwater discharge revealed by 228Ra distribution in the upper Atlantic Ocean Nature Geoscience ·Willard S. Moore, Jorge L. Sarmiento, Robert M. Key	2008	266
11	Anthropogenic CO₂ inventory of the Indian Ocean Global Biogeochemical Cycles ·Christopher L. Sabine, Robert M. Key, Kenneth M. Johnson, Frank J. Millero, Alain Poisson, Jorge L. Sarmiento, Douglas W.R. Wallace, Christopher D. Winn	1999	195
12	A global model for the early diagenesis of organic carbon and organic phosphorus in marine sediments Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta ·Tracey K. Tromp, Philippe Van Cappellen, Robert M. Key	1995	188
13	Anthropogenic CO<sub>2</sub> in the oceans estimated using transit time distributions Tellus B ·Darryn W. Waugh, Tim Hall, Ben I. McNeil, Robert M. Key, Richard J. Matear	2006	184
14	A new estimate of the CaCO₃ to organic carbon export ratio Global Biogeochemical Cycles ·Jorge L. Sarmiento, John P. Dunne, Anand Gnanadesikan, Robert M. Key, Katsumi Matsumoto, Richard D. Slater	2002	174
15	How much deep water is formed in the Southern Ocean? Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres ·W. S. Broecker, S. L. Peacock, Sally A. Walker, Ray F. Weiss, Eberhard Fahrbach, M. Schroeder, Uwe Mikolajewicz, Christoph Heinze, Robert M. Key, Tianji Peng, S. Rubin	1998	163
16	Dissociation constants for carbonic acid determined from field measurements Deep Sea Research Part I Oceanographic Research Papers ·Frank J. Millero, Denis Pierrot, Kitack Lee, Rik Wanninkhof, Richard A. Feely, Christopher L. Sabine, Robert M. Key, Taro Takahashi	2002	154
17	Biology and air–sea gas exchange controls on the distribution of carbon isotope ratios (δ ¹³ C) in the ocean Biogeosciences ·Andreas Schmittner, Nicolas Gruber, Alan C Mix, Robert M. Key, Alessandro Tagliabue, Toby K. Westberry	2013	152
18	Oceanic ventilation and biogeochemical cycling: Understanding the physical mechanisms that produce realistic distributions of tracers and productivity Global Biogeochemical Cycles ·Anand Gnanadesikan, John P. Dunne, Robert M. Key, Katsumi Matsumoto, Jorge L. Sarmiento, Richard D. Slater, P. S. Swathi	2004	143
19	Distribution of anthropogenic CO₂ in the Pacific Ocean Global Biogeochemical Cycles ·C. L. Sabine, Richard A. Feely, Robert M. Key, John L. Bullister, Frank J. Millero, Kitack Lee, Tianji Peng, Bronte Tilbrook, Tsuneo Ono, C. S. Wong	2002	139
20	Anthropogenic CO ₂ Uptake by the Ocean Based on the Global Chlorofluorocarbon Data Set Science ·Ben I. McNeil, Richard J. Matear, Robert M. Key, John L. Bullister, Jorge L. Sarmiento	2003	135

About Robert M. Key

Robert M. Key is a scholar working on Oceanography, Atmospheric Science, Global and Planetary Change, Ecology and Environmental Chemistry, having authored 109 papers that have together received 12.7k indexed citations. Recurring topics across this work include Marine and coastal ecosystems (69 papers), Ocean Acidification Effects and Responses (37 papers), Oceanographic and Atmospheric Processes (36 papers), Geology and Paleoclimatology Research (26 papers), Atmospheric and Environmental Gas Dynamics (24 papers), Marine Biology and Ecology Research (21 papers), Isotope Analysis in Ecology (17 papers) and Methane Hydrates and Related Phenomena (14 papers). The work is most often cited by research in Oceanography (9.4k citations), Global and Planetary Change (4.5k citations), Atmospheric Science (3.7k citations), Environmental Chemistry (2.0k citations) and Geochemistry and Petrology (816 citations). Robert M. Key has collaborated with scholars based in United States, Germany and Spain. Frequent co-authors include Christopher L. Sabine, Rik Wanninkhof, Richard A. Feely, Jorge L. Sarmiento, Frank J. Millero, Kitack Lee, John L. Bullister, Nicolas Gruber, Douglas W.R. Wallace and Alex Kozyr. Their work appears in journals such as Global Biogeochemical Cycles, Earth system science data, Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres, Radiocarbon and Marine Chemistry.

Rankless uses publication and citation data sourced from OpenAlex, an open and comprehensive bibliographic database. While OpenAlex provides broad and valuable coverage of the global research landscape, it—like all bibliographic datasets—has inherent limitations. These include incomplete records, variations in author disambiguation, differences in journal indexing, and delays in data updates. As a result, some metrics and network relationships displayed in Rankless may not fully capture the entirety of a scholar's output or impact.

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Robert M. Key

Robert M. Key's Hit Papers

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All Works

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